Enhancement of Laser Transmission Welds in Acrylic and Polypropylene Copolymer (PPCP) Using Snap Drift Cuckoo Search (SDCS) Optimization
D. Kumar, S. Ghosh, A.S. Kuar and N. Maity
Laser transmission welding (LTW) is widely recognized as an effective joining method for thermoplastic polymers. Excellent mechanical, physical and thermal properties of polypropylene makes it suitable for many application in aerospace, automotive manufacturing and laboratory accessories; however, joining of semi-crystalline and amorphous polymers is very difficult due to their poor compatibility or different crystal structure. To overcome this problem, white ink is applied at the interface of weld to increase the solubility and retain the laser heat input. As white ink is an opaque, containing copolymer resins which helps to enhance the bonding strength. Here, acrylic (amorphous) and polypropylene copolymer (PPCP) (semi-crystalline) each of 4 mm thickness have been joined by low power diode laser. Experimental analysis of the effect of process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed and pulse frequency on the weld zone has been studied. Greater weld strength is achieved at low scan speed. A novel multi objective snap drift cuckoo search (SDCS) optimization technique has been implemented for betterment of weld strength and weld width. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been used to observe the welded zone morphology. It is observed that weld strength is primarily dependent on mechanical interlocking between the two layers of polymers.
Keywords: Nd:YVO4, acrylic, polypropylene copolymer (PPCP), amorphous, semi-crystalline, laser transmission welding (LTW), low power, morphology, snap drift cuckoo search (SDCS) technique