Fine-Tuning Photophysical Properties of Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) Fluorescent Dyes for Two-Photon Excited Microscopy
Hussein Ftouni, Frédéric Bolze, Nadine Peyriéras and Jean-François Nicoud
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based chromophores, after an increased interest in material sciences, are now of great relevance in biological applications such as two-photon excited microscopy. This interest is particularly due to an easy access combined to high fluorescence quantum yield and photostability. We describe here the optical properties fine-tuning of one-dimensional diketopyrrolopyrrole based fluorescent dyes. The diketopyrrolopyrrole central core has been combined with various electroactive groups such as pyridine ring, aniline moiety or anisyl derivatives through different conjugated systems (single, double or triple bonds). Such a strategy has led to a series of efficient fluorophores in two-photon excitation mode (two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections beyond 1000 GM) with fluorescence emission varying from the green to the red region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Keywords: Two-photon absorption (TPA), Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), Two-photon excited microscopy (TPEM), Fluorescent dyes, HeLa cells, Zebra fish embryo